What Exactly Is a Verruca? Causes, Symptoms, and Why They Appear on the Feet

What Exactly Is a Verruca?

If you’ve ever noticed a small, rough patch of skin on the sole of your foot that feels sore when you walk, you might have met an unwelcome guest—a verruca. They’re common, often harmless, but can be stubborn and sometimes painful if left untreated.

Let’s break down what they are, what causes them, and why they seem to favour our feet.

What Is a Verruca?

A verruca is simply the name for a wart that appears on the sole of your foot. In medical terms, they’re called plantar warts. Unlike warts on your hands, verrucas are often pushed inward by the pressure of walking or standing, which is why they can be tender.

What Causes Verrucas?

Verrucas are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus enters the skin through tiny cuts or abrasions—so small you might not even notice them. Once inside, it triggers extra skin growth, leading to the rough, hard bump we recognise as a verruca.

The virus thrives in warm, damp environments, which is why places like swimming pools, communal showers, and gym changing rooms are common hotspots.

Why Do They Appear on the Feet?

Our feet are perfect hosts for HPV for a few reasons:

• Thin skin layers: The virus needs only the tiniest opening in the skin to get in.

• Warmth and moisture: Socks, shoes, and sweaty feet create the ideal environment for the virus to survive.

• Pressure from walking: The constant pressure on the soles can push the wart deeper into the skin, making it more noticeable and uncomfortable.

Are Verrucas Contagious?

Yes. Verrucas can spread:

• From person to person through direct contact.

• Indirectly via shared floors, towels, or socks.

• From one area of your own body to another if you scratch or pick at them.

That’s why covering them up—especially in communal areas—is a good idea.

How to Spot a Verruca

Typical signs include:

• A small, rough patch of skin with tiny black dots (these are tiny blood vessels).

• Pain or tenderness when standing or walking.

• Sometimes, hard skin building up over the top.

Final Thoughts

Verrucas are common, but they don’t have to be a long-term nuisance. Knowing what causes them and how they spread means you can take steps to prevent them—or treat them early before they become painful.

If you suspect you have a verruca and it’s sore, spreading, or not going away, our podiatry team can help with safe, effective treatments.